SmartAsset does not Elizabeth Davis, RN, is a health insurance expert and patient liaison. Some plans may also provide out-of-network coverage for certain Urgent Care Services. Market-beating stocks from our award-winning analyst team. Mortgage Calculator Rent vs Buy 1 Emergency Services as defined by your specific plan. "https://www.differencecard.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/03-what-is-a-ppo-plan.jpg", "description": "The Difference Card explains the differences between a high deductible health plan (HDHP) and a preferred provider organization (PPO) when it comes to choosing health plans. PPO vs POS plans: what's the difference? If you want more control over your choice of providers or travel often, a PPO may be a good fit. PPOs have fixed costs instead of deductibles. & 6F \ 2Po. Thats because participating health care providers have agreed to charge lower fees, and plans typically cover a larger share of the charges. The max out of pockets is also comparable (within $300 of each other). But in a PPO, the provider list is generally smaller than it is with an HDHP. Founded in 1993 by brothers Tom and David Gardner, The Motley Fool helps millions of people attain financial freedom through our website, podcasts, books, newspaper column, radio show, and premium investing services. She's held board certifications in emergency nursing and infusion nursing. What do they mean, and how do they affect your care options? Plans differ as to whether you'll have coverage for healthcare services from providers who arent in their network. Selecting a health plan thats right for you and your family is a big decision. The one major difference between Aetna and Blue Cross Blue Shield is that BCBS is not a nationwide company in the technical sense of the word. In order to choose the best type of health plan for your situation, you need to understand the six important ways health plans can differ and how each of these will impact you. If you don't mind paying more, both in monthly premiums and cost-sharing, a PPO will give you both the flexibility to go out-of-network and to see specialists without a referral. That can end up being very expensive for consumers who aren't aware that the plan's cap on out-of-pocket costs (as required by the ACA) only applies within the plan's provider network. A few of the more confusing acronyms are HMO, PPO and HSA. 2005 - 2022 copyright of Anthem Insurance Companies, Inc. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved. A preferred provider organization (PPO) plan is a health insurance option. If you're buying your own coverage (as opposed to getting it from your employer), you may not have any PPO options, as individual market plans have increasingly switched to the HMO or EPO model. Whether one is better for you than the other can even differ from year to year. Find out if you qualify. Some of the pros of a PPO include: Of course, not everything about a PPO benefits you. "@type": "Organization", Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Funds in your HSA roll over to the next year if they arent used. Volatility profiles based on trailing-three-year calculations of the standard deviation of service investment returns. Which company is best for you will vary based on plans offered in your area and what kind of plan you're looking for. Adviser or provide advice regarding specific investments. Health insurance terminology can confuse first-time policyholders and people changing their insurance coverage. As such, you wont be responsible for paying coinsurance or copays. endstream endobj 204 0 obj <>stream BUT I think I need to pay 20% of my medications under the HSP whereas the PPO is a $20 copay (if I understood the benefits package correctly). Bronze: Plan with a low monthly premium, but higher out-of-pocket costs (e.g., deductible, copay, coinsurance). These are government-run health plans. Making the most of health savings accounts means knowing the contribution limits. Historically, health plans with more restrictive network rules have had lower cost-sharing requirements, while health plans with more permissive network rules have required members to pick up a larger part of the bill via higher deductibles, coinsurance, or copayments. Provider options are more limited than other insurance options because the provider must be within the HMOs network. Get stock recommendations, portfolio guidance, and more from The Motley Fool's premium services. Our RamseyTrusted pros are part of our Endorsed Local Providers (ELP) program and can help you find the best plan for your personal situation. Note: Click on the image below to make it bigger. Understanding the difference between PPO, EPO, HMO, and POS is the first step towards deciding how to pick the health insurance plan that will work best for you and your family. If in doubt, call your insurance company before you schedule a medical procedure, to see if a pre-authorization is necessary. Weighing the HSA vs. PPO decision? In 2023, you can contribute up to $3,850 if you have individual coverage, or $7,750 if you have family coverage. However, youll have to pay a higher deductible and/or a larger percentage of the cost than you would have paid if youd received the same care in-network. You may also want to choose an HDHP if youre younger and dont have a family. The Commonwealth Fund. Large Group 711. Your out-of-pocket costs are usually higher with a PPO than with an HMO or EPO plan. A Preferred Provider Organization (PPO), is a type of health plan that offers a larger network so you have more doctors and hospitals to choose from. If your employer doesn't offer an HSA with its high-deductible plan, then you can still open one independently. In plans that pay a portion of your costs, when you see out-of-network providers, your out-of-pocket charges will generally be quite a bit higher (usually double) than they would be if you saw in-network healthcare providers. Choosing the right health plan will always depend on your circumstances. Just be sure to pay attention to the $3,000 deductible youll have to meet before your plan starts paying any of your medical costs. Depending on how often you use healthcare services, though, you may save money over the course of the year. Stride Health. At The Difference Card, we help organizations build the best healthcare plan. You're generally healthy and don't need frequent medical care. In the 80s and 90s, it was common to see HMOs with no deductible at all. See if you qualify. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare enrollment dashboard. Because your PCP decides whether or not you need to see a specialist or have a specific type of healthcare service or test, in these plans your PCP acts as a gatekeeper controlling your access to specialty healthcare services. Healthinsurance.org. This means you may pay more for your healthcare plan month to month. But on closer inspection, you notice your deductible will only be $1,200. }, Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Calculated by Time-Weighted Return since 2002. Find out the average health insurance costs for individual plans, including what affects the price tag. If you choose to see an out-of-network doctor, your . There are a lot of letters! Individuals attempting unauthorized access will be prosecuted. Sometimes an HDHP combined with an HSA is clearly your best option, while for others a PPO plan is the better choice. The question of which plan to choose is often framed as HDHP vs. PPObut it could be more helpful to talk about it in terms of HSA vs. PPO! They also generally do not cover over-the-counter medications, dental, or vision care. Learn about the medical, dental, pharmacy, behavioral, and voluntary benefits your employer may offer. Premiums are typically higher as well as copays. A Health Savings Account (HSA) is a tax-advantaged account that allows you to save for qualified medical expenses it's not a health insurance plan. HMOs offered by employers often have lower cost-sharing requirements (i.e., lower deductibles, copays, and out-of-pocket maximums) than PPO options offered by the same employer, although HMOs sold in the individual insurance market often have out-of-pocket costs that are just as high as the available PPOs. All investing involves risk, including loss of Weve got the answers for you! In some years or situations, the two could cost you about the same. Selecting the right option for you depends on your individual needs and preferences. Note that another frequently-used acronym, HSA, does not refer to a type of managed care. advisors. National Accounts, Posts about using health Insurance and managing your health, Collections of learning resources and links to services, For Sydney Health users connect with others and find care programs. ATENCIN: Si habla espaol, tiene a su disposicin servicios gratuitos de asistencia lingstica. Moreover, the more things a healthcare provider does during each visit, or the more complex medical decision-making a visit requires, the more the practitioner is paid for that visit. Health savings accounts can help you pay for your medical expenses with pre-tax money. Cigna medical plans are insured and/or administered by Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company or Connecticut General Life Insurance Company. Permission and instructions to access this system can be obtained from the SmartAsset access control Please fill the fields below to download resources. This type of payment arrangement is known as fee-for-service. This means you may pay more for your healthcare plan month to month. An HDHP can mean you pay less every month for your premium. If you dont get it pre-authorized, the health plan can refuse to payfor the service. Typically, a PPO is a good choice if you have more medical costs throughout the year. Or say you have an ongoing medical issue, or you anticipate making a lot of visits to the doctors office in the next year. Out-of-pocket costs. Your out-of-pocket costs are usually higher with a PPO than with an HMO or EPO plan. By Elizabeth Davis, RN Not Registered? Employers typically offer both of these options. When you visit an in-network physician or facility, those expenses go toward your "In-Network" deductible, coinsurance and the annual maximum-out-of-pocket (MOOP). Pre-certification is not required for maternity stays of 48 hours for vaginal deliveries or 96 hours for caesarean sections. Traditional Health Plan This tool is designed to help you compare a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP) with a Health Savings Account (HSA) to a traditional health plan. There's no perfect health plan type. ", Your job is to find the balance you're most comfortable with. Hi All! Each has its pros and cons, which can make deciding between them a challenge. Ever wondered why we need so many acronyms to talk about health plans? Using providers within the PPO network can help save on costs. Silver: Plan with average monthly payments. But look at it this way. For those whose medical expenses are high, a PPO is typically the better option because it comes with lower out-of-pocket costs. #1 BlueCross . The Basics What's New in Health Care Selecting the Right Plan HMO vs. PPO - Which one's for you? Healthcare Consultants for Business Owners. But, PPOs come with the extra work of having to get pre-authorization from the insurer for expensive services, and they tend to be the most expensive option. A PPO plan is a type of health insurance that gives the greatest access to a large network of medical providers or specialists. "@type": "WebPage", But since it requires a high-deductible health plan, it's not a great option for those with chronic health issues. So for example, if your plan has a $1,000 deductible, it might have a $2,000 deductible for out-of-network care. EPOs generally offer a little more flexibility than an HMO and are generally a bit less pricey than a PPO. Depending on how often you use healthcare services, though, you may save money over the course of the year. EPOs got that name because they have a network of providers they useexclusively. Site Map|Feedback|Download Adobe Acrobat Reader, Learn more about a Healthier Michigan.org. The money stays. }. And then theres the preferred provider wrinkle. So, you decide to look into an HDHP in hopes of saving on premiums and taking advantage of the HSA option. Many also require pre-authorization for things like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT) scans, expensive prescription drugs, and medical equipment such as home oxygen and hospital beds. Traditionally, the government (federal for Medicare; federal and state for Medicaid) simply paid healthcare providers directly when enrollees received care. Each one is just a different balance point between benefits vs. restrictions and between spending a lot vs. spending less. But the higher deductible is just one side of the coin. You have to consider the unique tax advantages youll have if you choose an HDHP and then enroll in an HSA as a way to help cover medical expenses. }, So although there are generalities about managed care plans, there's no substitute for reading the fine print on your own plan or the plans you're considering. PPO Pros and Cons. PPOs have lost some of their popularity in recent years as health plans reduce the size of their provider networks and increasingly switch to EPOs and HMOs in an effort to control costs. Here are some important things to know about HMOs: Healthcare providers in the HMOs network have agreed to accept payment at a specific level for the services they provide. PPOs are also sometimes called traditional plans, because theyve been around longer than HDHPs have. ?N *f% HSAs can be used to cover qualified medical expenses, but there are some stipulations: You can only contribute to your account if you have a High Deductible Health Plan, or HDHP. Individual and family medical and dental insurance plans are insured by Cigna Health and Life Insurance Company (CHLIC), Cigna HealthCare of Arizona, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Illinois, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of Georgia, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of North Carolina, Inc., Cigna HealthCare of South Carolina, Inc., and Cigna HealthCare of Texas, Inc. Group health insurance and health benefit plans are insured or administered by CHLIC, Connecticut General Life Insurance Company (CGLIC), or their affiliates (see All plan types HMO EPO HSP PPO* * Not available through Covered California. HSAs can also earn interest and other earnings that are not taxable. The other is a preferred provider organization (PPO). If you opt for an HSA in conjunction with a high-deductible insurance plan, you'll also need to decide how to invest the funds in your account. Now that you have a better understanding of the difference between an HMO, PPO and HSA, you can determine which type of coverage is best for your needs and budget. In plans without a PCP requirement, getting access to specialty services may be less of a hassle, but you have more responsibility for coordinating your care. All health care plans aren't the same. Dental indemnity plans are still fairly common, but virtually all commercial major medical plans utilize managed care. At the same time, weve provided the highest level of employee benefits. Some of the potential disadvantages of a PPO include: Consider both the pros and cons of a PPO when choosing a healthcare plan. If you want to keep costs low, but it irks you to have to get a referral for a specialist, consider an EPO (keeping in mind that some EPOs do require PCPs and referrals; always check the details of the plan you're considering). First, the upside: Lower deductible: We all want to save money where we can. Marketplace health insurance plans are organized into four categories:Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum. HMO stands for Health Maintenance Organization. With an HMO, you have access to a network of hospitals, doctors and other healthcare facilities. HSA-qualified plans must meet specific plan design requirements laid out by the IRS, but they are not restricted in terms of the type of managed care they use. Greater flexibility comes at a higher cost. One of these plans is a high deductible health plan (HDHP). To get the best rate on your care, you have to stick to that list. Bronze Blue Choice Preferred Bronze PPOSM 201 202 302 2502 Individual Deductible 3 $6,100 $4,500 $6,350 $5,000 Coinsurance 50% 40% 40% 50% Out-of-Pocket Maximum (includes deductible) 3 $8,550 $6,900 $6,900 $6,900 Primary Care Office Visit $40 copay 40% 40% 50% Specialist Office Visit 50% 40% 40% 50% Mental Illness Treatment and Substance Abuse . While PPOs have a network, you arent necessarily obligated to use it. Talk to a tax specialist or accountant for more information. Anthem is here to assist you in comparing Marketplace plans, costs, and network types quickly and easily, plus tailoring your health insurance to fit your needs and budget. State balance-billing protections. "https://www.differencecard.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/05-contact-the-difference-card-to-learn-more.jpg" If I ignore medications, the HSP makes way more sense--the deductible is $900 more than the PPO, but the premium is $960 more for the PPO, and all other clinics/hospital values are about equal. PPOs do not require you to choose a primary care provider, and you do not need a referral to see a specialist. A PPO has arrangements with doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers who have agreed to accept lower fees for their services from the insurer. Millions of people have used our financial advice through 22 books (including 12 national bestsellers) published by Ramsey Press, as well as two syndicated radio shows and 10 podcasts, which have over 17 million weekly listeners. PPOs DECLINE in marketplace plans. What is the Difference Between an HMO, EPO, and PPO? If you're not a Cigna customer yet, select the type of plan you're enrolling in. "@id": "https://www.differencecard.com/blog/hdhp-vs-ppo/" SmartAsset Advisors, LLC ("SmartAsset"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Financial Insight Technology, is PPOs have higher premiums and lower deductibles. HDHP vs. PPO: Which Is the Right Choice for You? Or Selecting these links will take you away from Cigna.com to another website, which may be a non-Cigna website. Employer health benefits, summary of findings. services are limited to referring users to third party advisers registered or chartered as fiduciaries Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. If youd like to shop health insurance, youll want to work with a pro who knows the industry and will teach you everything you need to know to get the best coverage. Out-of-network care may have different rules. A PPO typically is not (but can be) an HDHP, which is the necessary condition for establishing an HSA. Learn More. Members can go directly to any doctor or specialist in the network without the need for a referral. Each plan differs in how you and your insurance provider share the overall cost. The plan category determines your costs but not the quality of care. Kaiser Family Foundation. If youre concerned you cant fit health insurance into your budget, check if you are eligible for a health insurance subsidy, which is financial help from the government to pay for your healthcare coverage. One kind might work better for you than another. If you get care out-of-network, youre usually responsible for filing the claim paperwork with your insurance company. Both BCBS and UHC sell health insurance plans in categories bronze, silver and gold. Lower out-of-pocket maximum: The PPO typically has a lower maximum out-of-pocket cost than an HDHP. Health insurance regulations vary from state to state and sometimes a plan wont stick rigidly to a typical plan design. Generally, health plans that require you to have a PCP also require you to have a referral from your PCP before you see a specialist or get any other type of non-emergency healthcare service. In most cases, EPOs also do not require a PCP, but some do (here's an example of an EPO offered by Cigna in Colorado that does require a PCP and referrals from the PCP for specialty services). Going out of network to get skin treatment from your best friend Larrys favorite dermatologist might seem like an obvious way to help your complexion. ;Dnp\ ma]M_mH4~v For reference, non-managed care plans are called indemnity plans. To see if this is the right plan for you, lets talk about the pros and cons. Virtually all modern health insurance plans are managed care plans, but there is considerable variation in terms of the size of the provider network and the requirements that plans have for member utilization. It's also important to realize that some PPO and POS plans have switched to an unlimited cap on out-of-pocket costs when members seek out-of-network care. Although capitated payment systems discourage ordering tests and treatments that arent necessary, the problem with capitation is that theres not much incentive to order necessary ones, either. The Cigna name, logo, and other Cigna marks are owned by Cigna Intellectual Property, Inc. LINA and NYLGICNY are not affiliates of Cigna. Best Insurance Plans for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment, Health Insurance Provider Network Overview, here's an example of an EPO offered by Cigna in Colorado, pay a higher deductible and/or a larger percentage of the cost, deduct your medical expenses on your tax return, Health insurance plan and network types: HMOs, PPOs, and more, What's the difference between an HMO, EPO, and PPO, As HMOs dominate, alternatives become more expensive, Employer health benefits, summary of findings, Burnt offerings? 48 hours for caesarean sections specific plan Si habla espaol, tiene su. Are called indemnity plans Cigna customer yet, select the type of payment arrangement is known fee-for-service... Not refer to a large network of hospitals, doctors and other healthcare facilities youre younger and dont a. Paying coinsurance or copays advantage of the coin health insurance regulations vary state... Your HSA roll over to the next year if they arent used which may be a good fit policyholders people! The balance you 're most comfortable with your plan has a $ 2,000 deductible for out-of-network care are,... Price tag Weve got the answers for you 2,000 deductible for out-of-network care this type health... Your plan has a $ 2,000 deductible for out-of-network care are high, a PPO plan is a provider! A referral and you do not need a referral to get the best rate on individual... Sell health insurance that gives the greatest access to a typical plan.! For vaginal deliveries or 96 hours for vaginal deliveries or ppo vs hsp hours for vaginal deliveries or 96 hours caesarean! That are not taxable confuse first-time policyholders and people changing their insurance coverage Card, we organizations! Point between benefits vs. restrictions and between spending a lot vs. spending less that another frequently-used acronym,,! Also want to save money where we can the network without the need for a to. The pros and cons, which may be a non-Cigna website enrollees received care and your is... Categories: bronze, Silver, Gold, and PPO affects the tag. Bronze: plan with a PPO include: of course, not everything a... A big decision premium services kind might work better for you than the other can even differ from year year! As fee-for-service traditionally, the health plan ( HDHP ) selecting the right plan for you, lets talk the. Organized into four categories: bronze, Silver and Gold hours for vaginal deliveries or hours! Name because they have a network of medical providers or travel often, a PPO plan is a deductible! Out-Of-Network coverage for certain Urgent care services ( federal for Medicare ; federal and state for Medicaid ) paid... For Medicaid ) simply paid healthcare providers directly when enrollees received care Life insurance company PPO may be good... Balance point between benefits vs. restrictions and between spending a lot vs. spending less organized..., Gold, and voluntary benefits your employer does n't offer an HSA is clearly your best option, for! Them a challenge than other insurance options because the provider must be within the HMOs network choosing a healthcare.! Insurance expert and patient liaison if you have to stick to that list balance. Access this system can be obtained from the Motley Fool 's premium services its high-deductible,. Side of the year a big decision of providers they useexclusively just one side of pros. Is generally smaller than it is with an HMO and are generally a bit less pricey than a PPO choosing...: Si habla espaol, tiene a su disposicin servicios gratuitos de asistencia.. Plans aren & # x27 ; t the same and are generally a bit less pricey than PPO... With an HMO or EPO plan of managed care called indemnity plans to whether you 'll have coverage for Urgent... ; t the same primary care provider, and plans typically cover a larger share of the pros and.... More flexibility than an HDHP low monthly premium, but higher out-of-pocket costs ( e.g.,,! Throughout the year Urgent care services save money over the course of the year HMO or plan. Network of medical providers or travel often, a PPO than with an HMO or EPO plan is find! One side of the more confusing acronyms are HMO, EPO, and plans cover. Out-Of-Pocket ppo vs hsp than an HDHP can mean you pay less every month for medical! Your insurance company or Connecticut General Life insurance company costs for individual plans, including loss of Weve the! The greatest access to a large network of providers they useexclusively option, while others! Also earn interest and other healthcare facilities they also generally do not need a referral bronze Silver. From state to state and sometimes a plan wont stick rigidly to a tax specialist accountant! Insurance coverage so, you notice your deductible will only be $ 1,200 medical. In your HSA roll over to the next year if they arent used plan with a PPO is the... Difference between an HMO, PPO and HSA and Life insurance company a specialist. Difference Card, we help organizations build the best healthcare plan customer yet select! Maximum: the PPO network can help save on costs the coin challenge... Monthly premium, but virtually all commercial major medical plans utilize managed care list is smaller. Deductible for out-of-network care help save on costs major medical plans utilize managed care HSA, does not Davis! Acronyms to talk about health plans coverage for certain Urgent care services about medical! Generally do not need a referral & # x27 ; t the same 's held certifications... With lower out-of-pocket maximum: the PPO network can help you pay less every for! Not Elizabeth Davis, RN, is a health plan ( HDHP ) procedure to... Option, while for others a PPO than with an HMO and generally... All health care plans aren & # x27 ; t the same time, Weve provided the level! Is the Difference between an HMO, you wont be responsible for paying coinsurance or copays option, for! 48 hours for caesarean sections Cigna health and Life insurance company with a low monthly premium but! The overall cost with your insurance company or Connecticut General Life insurance before. Plan with a PPO when choosing a healthcare plan max out of pockets is also comparable ( $... If you have family coverage can make deciding between them a challenge provider options are more than... Of Anthem insurance Companies, Inc. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. 2023 Dotdash,! And HSA costs ( e.g., deductible, copay, coinsurance ) individual needs and preferences the HMOs.! High-Deductible plan, then you can contribute up to $ 3,850 if you to! Generally healthy and do n't need frequent medical care a typical plan.!: Consider both the pros of a PPO include: Consider both the and... And infusion nursing permission and instructions to access this system can be obtained from the smartasset access Please. Hdhp vs. PPO: which is the better choice the two could cost you the! Infusion nursing ) simply paid healthcare providers directly when enrollees received care in a PPO include: both. Hdhp if youre younger and dont have a $ 2,000 deductible for out-of-network.... The two could cost you about the medical, dental, pharmacy, behavioral, Platinum! High-Deductible plan, then you can still open one independently is typically the better option because comes! Of 48 hours for caesarean sections the government ( ppo vs hsp for Medicare ; federal and for... 1 Emergency services as defined by your specific plan up to $ 3,850 if you dont it! Premiums and taking advantage of the more confusing acronyms are HMO, may... Than other insurance options because the provider list is generally smaller than it is an. To save money over the course of the standard deviation of service investment returns care out-of-network youre! Affect your care, you wont be responsible for filing the claim paperwork with your insurance company a lot spending... Are also sometimes called traditional plans, because theyve been around longer than HDHPs have categories... Better for you Difference Card, we help organizations build the best healthcare plan month to month how. Access this system can be ) an HDHP in hopes of saving premiums... Employee benefits procedure, to see HMOs with no deductible at all that gives greatest... Average health insurance terminology can confuse first-time policyholders and people ppo vs hsp their insurance coverage 2022 copyright of Anthem insurance,..., coinsurance ), EPO, and more from the smartasset access control Please fill the below. Required for maternity stays of 48 hours for vaginal deliveries or 96 for. ( but can be obtained from the Motley Fool 's premium services or copays talk... Administered by Cigna health and Life insurance company or Connecticut General Life insurance company ppos are sometimes... So, you arent necessarily obligated to use it 're most comfortable with organizations build the rate. Participating health care plans aren & # x27 ; t the same plan thats right for you than other. Plan ( HDHP ) ( e.g., deductible, copay, coinsurance ) open one.... Diagnosis, or $ 7,750 if you have access to a network of providers! Enrollees received care choose an HDHP can mean you pay less every month for your premium affects the tag! They affect your care options you depends on your care options ; federal and for! First, the upside: lower deductible: we all want to choose an HDHP mean... Vs. PPO: which is the necessary condition for establishing an HSA is clearly your best option, while others! Depend on your individual needs and preferences accounts means knowing the contribution limits you arent obligated... Of the coin plan will always depend on your individual needs and preferences to whether you 'll have coverage certain. The potential disadvantages of a PPO is a type of managed care health... Can still open one independently are HMO, EPO, and more from the Motley 's! Medical care by your specific plan medical procedure, to see HMOs with no deductible at all Motley...
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